CONDUCTORS, INSULATORS AND SEMICONDUCTORS

 

Electric conductivity 

Electric conductivity is the ability of a material to allow changes to flow through them.

Electric conductivity of all materials around as is not the same, conductivity differ because of their differences in chemical structure. Based on this differences in electric conductivity, materials can be classified as conductors, insulators and semiconductors. 

Conductors

 Materials that allow electric charges to pass through them easily are known as conductors. Conducting materials have  free electrons ( electrons have negative charge) in their atoms, which is responsible for conductivity.
Examples:- most of metals like iron, copper, aluminium etc are conductors 

Insulators 

 Materials that do not allow electric charges to flow through them are known as insulators. An insulating material does not have free electrons in their atom, so charges cannot flow through them.
Examples:- wood, plastic, rubber etc

Semiconductors 

Materials that shows properties of both conductors and insulators are generally known as semiconductors. In normal conditions semiconductors act as insulators, but increasing temperature and doping ( adding some impurities) allow semiconductors act like conductors.
Examples :- silicon, germanium etc

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COLLOID

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  In colloidal solutions particles are uniformly spread throughout. Due to small size of particles, colloids appears to be a homogeneous mixture but it is a heterogeneous mixture. A colloid contains a dispersion phase and a dispersion medium. Dispersed particles in colloid is known as dispersion phase and component in which dispersion phase is suspended is known as dispersion medium. Colloids are classified based on difference in state of dispersion medium and dispersion phase. Type of colloids with examples is provided in the below table, Examples of colloids  Milk, jelly, shavings cream, smoke, foam, mud etc Properties of a colloid Colloid is a heterogeneous mixture  Particles of colloid is small, cannot be seen with naked eyes  Particle size of colloids are big enough compared to pure solution to scatter a beam of light, so that we can observe Tyndall effect. ( The phenomenon in which path of a light is visible when a beam of light passed through some colloids is ...
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ACCELERATION

 Acceleration is defined as rate of change of Velocity.  Ie, acceleration = change in Velocity/time Consider a body moving with an initial velocoty(u) reaches a final Velocity (v) in time (t). Hence velocity is charged from u to v at time t  body is accelerating. Acceleration ( a ) = change in Velocity/ time a = v - u/t Unit of acceleration is m/s² There are two types of acceleration  1. Positive acceleration  If the Velocity of a body is increasing with respect to time(body is increasing the speed) then the acceleration is considered to be Positive.  2. Negative acceleration (retardation) If the Velocity of a body is decreasing with respect to time ( body is reducing the speed), then the acceleration is considered to be negative.  It's also called as retardation. 
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This blog contents are specifically for high school students all over the world . Those who are preparing for GCSE physics and GCSE chemistry have lot of topic to refer from this blog. PHYSICS   CHEMISTRY   SCIENCE IN DAILY LIFE  SCIENCE EXHIBITION PROJECTS 
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WORKING MODEL FOR SCIENCE EXHIBITION- DANCING BALLOON

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 DANCING BALLOON  SCIENCE EXHIBITION PROJECT FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS  A working model for science exhibition ‘THE DANCING BALLOON’ is an application of Newton’s third law of motion- Every action has an equal and opposite reaction and also explains about effect of less friction helps in the motion of a body. MATERIALS REQUIRED  1- Balloon  2- Compact disk (CD) 3- Glue 4- Bottle cap PROCEDURE  *Put a hole on bottle cap(at the centre)  * Using glue stick the bottle cap at the top of CD (cap should be fixed on rough and non shiny surface of CD . Make sure no gap between CD ad the bottle cap) * Keep it aside still glue dries up to make strong bond between CD and bottle cap * Inflate the ballon and fix it on bottle cap as shown in video  * And keep CD on plane surface and release it. RESULT Balloon/CD arrangement start moving around the plain surface automatically . SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION  Due to the force applied by the air inside the balloon it ...
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